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1308. 1. Imam Jafar as-Sadiq (p) was requested to explain the different reasons of disbelief mentioned in the Book of God, the Almighty, the Glorious.
The Imam (p): There are five aspects of disbelief in the Book of God.

1. Denial without knowing
The disbelief on the basis of denial and this is of two kinds: rejecting and repudiating what God has ordered to do and ignoring the blessings of God. As regards the disbelief on the basis of denial, it is the denial of the existence of God. This is the opinion of those who say, “There is neither God, nor Paradise nor Hell” and this is the stand taken by pagans who are called Atheists. These are the people who say: ...And nothing destroys us but time... (Q, 45:24). There is no proof or evidence in support of what they say. God, the Almighty, the Glorious, said: ...They do but (merely) guess (Q, 45:24). God also said: Verily, (as for) those who disbelieve alike is it for them, you warn them or warn them not; (for) they will not believe (Q, 2:6). They will never believe in the Oneness of God, the Elevated. So this is one reason of disbelief.

2. Denial with knowing
Another reason for denial is based on definite knowledge. In this case, the one who denies knows well that the existence and Oneness of God is a fact and they are convinced of it. God, the Almighty, the Glorious, said (about this category): They denied them (the clear signs of God) unjustly and arrogantly while their hearts were convinced... (Q, 27:14). God, the Almighty, the Glorious, also said: ...Although before that they had been praying for victory over those who disbelieved and when there came unto them that which they recognise (and yet) they disbelieved in it; therefore curse of God is on the disbelievers (Q, 2:89). This is the explanation of the second reason for denial.

3.Denial of Allah's blessings
The third reason for disbelief is the denial or ignorance of the blessings of God. This is expressed in the words of Prophet Solomon (Sulayman) (p) quoted by God, the Elevated in the verse: ...Solomon said: “This is by the Grace of my Lord that He may test me to see whether I am grateful or ungrateful; and he who is grateful verily he is grateful for his own self, and whoever is ungrateful, then verily my Lord is self-sufficient, (Bounteous) (Q, 27:40).” God said: ...If you be grateful I will increase My favours unto you, and if you be ungrateful, verily My torment is indeed severe... (Q, 14:7). He also said: Therefore remember Me, I will remember you, and be thankful to Me and do not reject faith (Q, 2:152).

4 Disobeying the orders of Allah
The fourth reason for disbelief is to disobey the orders of God, the Almighty, the Glorious. This is what God, the Almighty, the Glorious, said in the verses: And remember when We made a Covenant with you, shed not your blood, nor turn yourselves out of your dwellings; and then (this) you solemnly ratified while you yourselves were witness (there to). Yet after this you are those who slay themselves and banish a party of yours from your homes backing each other up against them by sin and transgression; and if they came to you as captives you would ransom them, while their very banishment by you itself was unlawful. Do you then believe in a part of the Book and reject the other? Then what shall be the return for those who do so, save disgrace in the life of this world and on the Day of Judgement, they shall be returned to the most grievous punishment... (Q, 2:84-85). Therefore they became disbelievers by disobeying what God, the Almighty, the Glorious, had ordered them and as regards their faith, He has not accepted it from them, nor has it profited them and so He said: ...Then what shall be the return for those who do so, save disgrace in the life of this world and on the Day of Judgement they shall be returned to the most grievous punishment; and God is not heedless of what you do (Q, 2:85).

5. Renouncing
The fifth reason for disbelief is the disbelief of disowning or renouncement. This is expressed in the words of Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim) (p) as quoted by God, the Almighty, the Graceful, in the verse: ...We renounce you and there has sprung up between us and you enmity and hatred for ever, until you believe in God alone... (Q, 60:4) which means “we have disowned you” and while mentioning Satan and his renouncement of his human devotees on the Day of Judgement, God quoted Satan as saying: Verily I deny in your associating me with God from before and He (God) also said: And said Abraham (Ibrahim) (p) you have only taken for yourselves idols besides God in friendship between you in this worlds life, then on the Day of Judgement some of you shall deny the others and curse one another... (Q, 29:25) which means some of them will disown some others.(B5,C166,T1)